Characters in the ASCII range are stored "as-is"
Characters in the range 0x0080 to 0x07ff:
byte 1: 110x xxxx
byte 2: 10xx xxxx
ë (0x00eb) 110x xxxx 10xx xxxx
1110 1011 -> ---+ ++11 --10 1011
====================
1100 0011 1010 1011
0xc3 0xab
Characters in the range 0x8000 to 0xffff:
byte 1: 1110 xxxx
byte 2: 10xx xxxx
byte 3: 10xx xxxx
功 (0x529f) 1110 xxxx 10xx xxxx 10xx xxxx
0101 0010 1001 1111 -> ---+ 0101 --00 1010 --01 1111
===============================
1110 0101 1000 1010 1001 1111
0xe5 0x8a 0x9f
