You can change the default encoding like:
<?php
stream_default_encoding( "iso-8859-1" );
$str = file_get_contents( "somefile.txt", FILE_TEXT );
?>
Or use a specific context for a stream:
<?php
$ctxt = stream_context_create(
NULL, array( 'encoding' => 'koi8-r' )
);
file_put_contents( "someotherfile.txt", $data, FILE_TEXT, $ctxt );
?>
Or set the encoding after opening a stream:
<?php
$f = fopen( "someotherfile.txt", 'r' );
stream_encoding( $f, 'iso-8859-5' );
?>